A regular interstratification of trioctahedral serpentine with trioctahedral (i.e., tri,trioctahedral) chlorite. The ratio of chlorite layers (i.e., one 2:1 layer and one interlayer) to serpentine (i.e., one 1:1 layer) is 1:1. The name applies to any composition of interstratified trioctahedral serpentine or trioctahedral chlorite regardless of the structure type (i.e., stacking) of the chlorite. Variations in chemical composition other than Mg and Al may be noted by descriptive adjectival modifiers (Bailey et al., 1995).

Refers to the process of external loading of a soil (or sand) when a soil body is subject to external loading (or shearing) and the boundary condition of the soil allows drainage of porewater. If porewater flows out of the soil, the soil exhibits contractive behavior; otherwise the soil exhibits dilative behavior.
See contraction, soil or sand; dilation, soil or sand

Fluids (e.g., water, oils, organics) plus dissolved additives and appropriately sized, suspended solids (e.g., Na-rich bentonite, palygorskite, organoclay, barite, sand) needed to produce bulk physicochemical and rheological properties appropriate for deep bore holes and for the removal of “cuttings” generated during the drilling process. For example, one such physiochemical requirement for drilling mud is a high specific gravity to prevent blowout if high pressure strata is encountered during drilling at depth.

The United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) of 13 March 2013 defines drugs, in part, by their intended use, as “articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease” and “articles (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals” [FD&C Act, sec. 201(g)(1)]. Clays and clay minerals are used in pharmaceuticals to enhance bioavailability, either as an excipient or an active principle, or as a way to control the release of the drug (Rodrigues et al, 2013).

A poorly defined material, possibly smectite or vermiculite.

An obsolete term for muscovite.