The sum of the intralayer displacement plus the interlayer displacement, which defines the total relative displacement between adjacent layers, as shown in Figure 1. For 2:1 layers, the layer displacement is measured from the geometric center of the ditrigonal ring. The “intralayer displacement” is the shift that originates from the octahedral slant within one layer and is measured from the geometric center of the ditrigonal ring from the lower to the upper tetrahedral sheet of that layer (Figure 1). Layer displacement should be used instead of “interlayer shift”.
Cf., interlayer, layer

See double metal hydroxides.

Composites produced on nearly any substrate, including textiles, where the composite is fabricated by successive dipping/rinsing/drying of the substrate in two different solutions, one solution containing a clay, usually montmorillonite, and the second solution containing a complimentary polymer (e.g., any polycationic polymer). These composites are typically transparent, and generally 40 to 50 bilayers thick. Layer-by-layer composites lower flammability substantially and improve gas barrier properties.
See flame retardancy

See double metal hydroxides.

See fat clay.

A poorly defined material, possibly interstratified biotite and vermiculite.

An obsolete varietal term for Fe²⁺-rich saponite

.

A description of the interactive forces occurring between a pair of neutral atoms or molecules. The potential is comprised of force-field terms: at long-separation distances, van der Waals attraction predominates, whereas at short-separation distances, strong repulsion predominates as a result of the Pauli exclusion principle. The Lennard-Jones potential is accurate for noble gas interactions and a relatively good model for most neutral atoms and molecules. The Lennard-Jones potential is computationally simple and thus commonly used in modeling programs.

Mg analogue of stilpnomelane.
See stilpnomelane

An obsolete name for altered material, probably vermiculite.