A furnace having an inclined rotating tube which is heated either directly (a flame or heater within the furnace) or indirectly (inductively from outside). Rotary kilns are often used in industrial applications to achieve dynamic heating of raw materials to form reactive components, such as metaclay or clinker for Portland cement. The temperature and the dwell time can typically be set in each furnace segment, the latter by installing shovels or by changing the inclination or the rotational speed of the tube.
Cf., metaclays, clinker

An obsolete term for a kaolin, but probably a mixture, described from Kimolos, Greece.
Syn. cimolite, pelikanite (from Kiev, Russia, also obsolete)

A trioctahedral member of the brittle mica group. The end-member formula is: BaMg₃Al₂Si₂O₁₀(OH)₂. Typical site substitutions include: Ba > K; Mn²⁺, Mn³⁺, Al, Fe, Ti for Mg; and F for OH. Kinoshitalite forms 1M and, less commonly, 2M₁ polytypes. In general, kinoshitalite occurs in metamorphic deposits in amphibolite- to granulite-facies, in marbles and calc-silicate rocks, and in kimberlites (group I) and in volcanic rocks that are K undersaturated.
Cf., ferrokinoshitalite

An obsolete term for chamosite (chlorite).

An obsolete term for celadonite, ferrian celadonite.

An obsolete term for a Cr-containing chlorite from the Ural mountains.

A poorly defined material, probably not a mica.

Kübler (1964, 1967) attempted to define a “crystallinity” index for illite (“IC”) by examining the powder X-ray diffraction of intergrown illite and muscovite, originally to identify the anchizone (diagenesis) and the anchizone-epizone (metamorphic) boundaries. Measured values are expressed as small changes in the d value based on the width for the 10-Å peak at half height above the background for Cu radiation. If the procedure is used, it should not be characterized as a “crystallinity” index, as it is unclear if “crystallinity” is actually being measured because such patterns also reflect the presence of smectite and other K-rich micas, different mean crystallite sizes, lattice strain, layer stacking order, instrument parameters and other features.
Cf., crystalline, crystallinity index, Hinckley index, Arkai index

A regular interstratification of talc-like layers and trioctahedral (tri,trioctahedral) chlorite in a ratio of 1:1 (Abraham et al., 1980). The ideal formula is Mg₈Al(Si₇Al)O₂₀(OH)₁₀, although substitutions of NaAl = Si to about Si_0.4 are known.

See astrophyllite group.