The energy (often heat) required to transform a given quantity of a liquid into a gas or vapor without changing temperature.
Cf., heat of sublimation, heat of fusion

Hectorite is the Mg- and Li-rich trioctahedral member of the smectite group. It has the ideal chemical composition of (M⁺_y . nH₂O)(Mg_3-yLi_y)Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂ where M is the exchangeable cation, y is the Li content, and n is variable. The M (interlayer) cation is assumed here as univalent, but it may have other valence states also. F substitution for (OH) has been documented. Stacking of natural samples is generally turbostratic. Fluorohectorite, with M = Na, K, Rb, and Cs and with y = 0.5 was synthesized by Breu et al. (2003), and the well-ordered, one-layer structure of the Cs phase was determined (space group C2/m, 1M polytype).
Cf., swinefordite

A clinopyroxene (monoclinic space group C2/c) with an end-member formula of CaFeSi₂O₆. Hedenbergite and diopside, CaMgSi₂O₆, form a continuous solid solution series. Hedenbergite primarily occurs in metamorphic rocks and skarns.
See pyroxene group for additional details.

A poorly defined material, possibly decomposed biotite.

Hemostatic wound dressings are used to control bleeding when tissue damage occurs. One active ingredient applied either directly or with gauze bandages to a wound is clay (commonly, kaolins, zeolites, and smectites), which is used to absorb fluid and to promote blood clotting.

A trioctahedral member of the true mica group. The end-member formula is KZn₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂. The Zn content must be greater than or equal to 1.5 for the specimen name to be valid. Reported polytypes are 1M, 2M₁, and 3T. It forms in skarns of Zn deposits and occurs at Franklin Furnace, New Jersey, U.S.A.

See hollandite.

Precipitation from solution of one solid phase on another.

A reaction that involves more than one physical state (i.e., solid, liquid, gas).
Cf., homogeneous reaction

An obsolete varietal term for biotite.